Football is a popular game played all across the United States. Football is played on a 100-yard field, between two teams. Professional and college games last for four quarters, each 15 minutes long. Teams alternate ball possessions and score touchdowns by moving the ball down the field and across the other team's goal line. Football is a physical game that requires protective equipment to be played safely and fairly.
Football
The football is in the shape of a spheroid, which resembles a cylinder that is tapered to a point at each end. A professional, adult-sized football is 11 to 11½ inches long along the axis, with a circumference of 28 to 28½ inches in the middle and 20¾ to 21¼ inches around the ends. An adult football weighs 14 to 15 ounces and is made with a rubber bladder that has been covered with pebble-grained leather. Laces are attached along the middle of one side to enhance grip.
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Helmet
The helmet is designed to absorb impact and protect a player's head against injury. Helmets are made from a hard, plastic exterior, with foam rubber or inflatable air pads on the inside. Other helmet features include a facemask, chin strap and mouth guard. Read manufacturer's instructions on sizing to ensure you have the right fit to avoid injury. Youth helmets sold in the U.S. must meet rigorous safety standards set forth by the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment.
Cleats
Choosing football cleats is highly selective. Depending on your position, you can choose a low-cut, mid-cut or high-top cleat in any number of materials, from inexpensive synthetic to high-quality leather. Cleats are typically three-quarters of an inch long and one-quarter of an inch in diameter, and are available in styles specific to grass or artificial surfaces.
Shoulder Pads
Football shoulder pads create a wide, broad look and provide protection to the ribs, chest and sternum, as well as the shoulders. Most pads consist of a hard outer shell with foam underneath to absorb the shock of violent impact. Shoulder pads are designed to deform on impact to protect the player. Proper sizing is important, as pads that are too big will slip and expose vulnerable areas, and pads that are too small can inhibit movement and cut off circulation. The size of shoulder pads depends on playing position. Lineman wear bulkier, heavier pads than quarterbacks or receivers.
Lower-Body Padding
Football players need to be protected below the waist, too. Thigh pads, hip pads, and sometimes knee and tailbone pads help keep the lower body safe. Lower-body padding is typically lightweight, and fits into pockets in the football pants, or into a special girdle designed to hold them. The athletic supporter, or "cup," is also an important piece of equipment to protect against injury to the genitals, which are not protected naturally by bone or muscle.
Extras
Apart from the main pieces of equipment are several extras that some players use, but are not a necessity to play the game. Item such as handwarmers for quarterbacks, light gloves for receivers, wrist guards, glare protection and neck rolls enhance the game for some players and enable them to play through injury.
Football
The football is in the shape of a spheroid, which resembles a cylinder that is tapered to a point at each end. A professional, adult-sized football is 11 to 11½ inches long along the axis, with a circumference of 28 to 28½ inches in the middle and 20¾ to 21¼ inches around the ends. An adult football weighs 14 to 15 ounces and is made with a rubber bladder that has been covered with pebble-grained leather. Laces are attached along the middle of one side to enhance grip.
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Helmet
The helmet is designed to absorb impact and protect a player's head against injury. Helmets are made from a hard, plastic exterior, with foam rubber or inflatable air pads on the inside. Other helmet features include a facemask, chin strap and mouth guard. Read manufacturer's instructions on sizing to ensure you have the right fit to avoid injury. Youth helmets sold in the U.S. must meet rigorous safety standards set forth by the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment.
Cleats
Choosing football cleats is highly selective. Depending on your position, you can choose a low-cut, mid-cut or high-top cleat in any number of materials, from inexpensive synthetic to high-quality leather. Cleats are typically three-quarters of an inch long and one-quarter of an inch in diameter, and are available in styles specific to grass or artificial surfaces.
Shoulder Pads
Football shoulder pads create a wide, broad look and provide protection to the ribs, chest and sternum, as well as the shoulders. Most pads consist of a hard outer shell with foam underneath to absorb the shock of violent impact. Shoulder pads are designed to deform on impact to protect the player. Proper sizing is important, as pads that are too big will slip and expose vulnerable areas, and pads that are too small can inhibit movement and cut off circulation. The size of shoulder pads depends on playing position. Lineman wear bulkier, heavier pads than quarterbacks or receivers.
Lower-Body Padding
Football players need to be protected below the waist, too. Thigh pads, hip pads, and sometimes knee and tailbone pads help keep the lower body safe. Lower-body padding is typically lightweight, and fits into pockets in the football pants, or into a special girdle designed to hold them. The athletic supporter, or "cup," is also an important piece of equipment to protect against injury to the genitals, which are not protected naturally by bone or muscle.
Extras
Apart from the main pieces of equipment are several extras that some players use, but are not a necessity to play the game. Item such as handwarmers for quarterbacks, light gloves for receivers, wrist guards, glare protection and neck rolls enhance the game for some players and enable them to play through injury.
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